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In Spanish, nouns -sustantivos- are either masculine (m.) or feminine (f.).
Each gender has its own article.
el tema m. the theme
la manzana f. the apple
los hombres m. plural the men
las mujeres f. plural the women
Nouns that end in a are almost always feminine and nouns that end in o are almost always masculine.
un libro m.
a book
una casa f.
a house
unos chocolates m. plural some chocolates
unas gatas f.plural some female cats
To form the plural of a noun, add an s to the end if it ends in a vowel.
el problema los problemas
the problem the problems
the day the days
el amigo los amigos
the friend the friends
Add an es to the end if it ends in a consonant.
el conductor los conductores
the driver the drivers
The accent is dropped for the plural form if the noun ends in -ion.
la canción las canciones
the song the songs
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